there’s = there is；that’s = that is；it’s = it is

　　注意：this is一般不縮寫。

　　◆例句

　　1、I’m a teacher. = I am a teacher.（我是老師。）

　　2、They’re my friends. = They are my friends.（他們是我的朋友。）

　　3、There’s a book in my bag. = There is a book in my bag.（我包里有一本書。）

　　疑問詞+系動詞的縮寫

　　Who’s = Who is；Who’re = Who are

　　How’s = How is；How’re = How are

　　When’s = When is；When’re = When are

　　What’s = What is；What’re = What are

　　Where’s = Where is；Where’re = Where are

　　◆例句

　　1、How's your family？ = How is your family？（你的家人都好嗎？）

　　2、What’s the matter？ = What is the matter？（你怎么了？）

　　3、Where’re you going？ = Where are you going？（你要去哪？）

　　助動詞的相關縮寫

　　have縮寫成’ve，has縮寫成’s，had縮寫成’d。

　　I've = I have；You've = You have；

　　He's = He has；She's = She has；It's = It has

　　We've = We have；They've = They have

　　I’d = I had；you’d = you had；He'd = He had；She'd = She had

　　It'd = It had；We'd = We had；They'd = They had

　　◆例句

　　1、I’ve got a job. = I have got a job.（我找到了一份工作。）

　　2、We've been married for one year. = We have been married for one year.（我們結婚一年了。）

　　3、He'd never learned to read. = He had never learned to read.（他一直沒有學會閱讀。）

　　情態動詞的相關縮寫

　　will縮寫成’ll，would縮寫成’d。

　　I’ll = I will；you’ll = you will

　　she’ll = she will；he’ll = he will

　　we’ll = we will；they’ll = they will

　　I’d = I would；you’d = you would

　　she’d = she would；he’d = he would

　　we’d = we would；they’d = they would

　　◆例句

　　1、I’ll see you tomorrow. = I will see you tomorrow.（明天見。）

　　2、He'll study harder. = He will study harder.（他將更加努力學習。）

　　3、They’d like to come with us. = They would like to come with us.（他們想和我們一起去。）

　　其他縮寫

　　1、Let’s ...＝Let us ...

　　2、My name’s ...＝My name is ...

　　◆例句

　　1、Let's go to the cinema together.＝Let us go to the cinema together.（我們一起去看電影。）

　　2、My name’s Gina.＝My name is Gina.（我的名字叫吉娜。）

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