英語五個基本句式

從英語的句子結構上說，除了修飾名詞的定語和修飾動詞的狀語外，在千變萬化的句子中可歸納為五個基本句式，一般地說，某些

動詞用在某一句式中，下面筆者把這些句型和常用的動詞進行歸類,供你參考。

1.S(主) Vi(不及物動詞)(謂)

Time flies.

1) S V adverbial(狀語)

Birds sing beautifully.

2) S Vi prep Phrase(介詞短語)

He went on holiday.

3) S Vi Infinitive (不定式)

We stopped to have a rest.

4) S Vi Participle (分詞)

I'll go swimming.

2. S (主) Vt (及物動詞)(謂) O(賓)

We like English.

1) S VT N/Pron

I like music.

I like her.

2) S VT infinitive(不定式)

I want to help him.

常用于這句型的動詞有：attempt, dare, decide, desire, expect, hope, intend, learn, need, offer, pretend, promise,

propose, purpose, refuse, want, wish等。

3) S VT Wh-Word Infinitive

I don't know what to do.

常用于這句型的動詞有：ask, consider, decide, discover, explain, find out, forget, guess, inquire, know, learn,

observe, remember, see, settle, tell, think, understand, wonder等。

4) S VT Gerund

I enjoy living here.

常用于這句型的動詞有：admit, advise, avoid, consider, defend, enjoy, excuse, finish, forbid, mind, miss,

practise, risk, suggest, give up, can't help等。

5) S VT That-clause

I don't think (that) he is right.

常用于這句型的動詞有：Admit, believe, command, confess, declare, demand, deny, doubt, expect, explain, feel(覺得)

, hear(聽說), hope, imagine, intend, know, mean, mind(當心), notice, propose, request, report, say, see

(看出)，show, suggest, suppose, think, understand, wish, wonder(覺得奇怪)。

3. S (主) V(謂)(lv)( 系動詞) P(表)

We are Chinese.

除了be 系動詞外，還有一些動詞也可以用作系動詞，1)表感官的動詞，feel, smell, taste, sound, look, appear, seem 等。

2) 表轉變變化的動詞，become, get, grow, turn, go,等。 3)表延續的動詞 remain, keep, seem, hold, stay, rest等。

4)表瞬時的動詞 come, fall, set, cut, occur等 5)其他動詞 eat, lie, prove, ring, run, shine, sit, stand, continue,

hang等。

1) S Lv N/Pron(名詞/代詞)

He is a boy.

This is mine.

2) S Lv Adj(形容詞)

She is beautiful.

3) S Lv Adv (副詞)

Class is over.

4) S Lv Prep Phrase

He is in good health.

5) S Lv Participle(分詞)

He is excited.

The film is interesting.

4. S (主) VT (謂) In O(間接 賓) D O(直接 賓)

I give you help.

1) S VT N/Pron N

I sent him a book.

I bought May a book.

2) S VT N/Pron To/for-phrase

He sent a book to me.

He bought a coat for me.

間接賓語前需要加to 的常用動詞有：allow, bring, deny, do(帶來)， give, grant, hand, leave, lend, offer, owe,

pass, pay, permit, promise, read, refuse, render, restore, sell, send, show, teach, tell wish, write等。

間接賓語前需要加for 的常用動詞有：bring, buy, cash, choose, fetch, get, leave, make, order, paint, play(演奏)，

save, sing, spare等。

5. S (主) VT(謂) O(賓) O C(賓補)

I make you clear.

1) S VT N/Pron N

We named our baby Tom.

常用于這句型的動詞有：appoint, call, choose, elect, entitle, find, make, name, nominate(命名)。

2) S VT N/Pron Adj

He painted the wall white.

常用于這句型的動詞有：beat, boil, cut, drive, find, get, hold, keep, leave, like, make, paint, see, set, turn,

want, wash, wipe, wish等。

3) S VT N/Pron Prep Phrase

She always keeps everything in good order.

4) S VT N/Pron Infinitive

I wish you to stay.

I made him work

常用于這句型的動詞有：a)不定式帶to的詞：advice, allow, ask, beg, cause, choose, command, decide, encourage,

expect, force, get, hate, invite, know, leave, like, love, order, permit, persuade, prefer, remain, request,

teach, tell, want, warn, wish等。b)不定式不帶to的詞：feel, have, hear, know, let, listen to, look at, make,

notice, see, watch等。

5) S VT N/Pron Participle (分詞)

I heard my name called.

I feel something moving.

常用于這句型的動詞有：catch, feel, find, get, have, hear, imagine, keep, leave, listen to, look at, notice,

observe, perceive, see, set, smell, start, watch等。

6) S VT N/Pron Wh-word Infinitive

He show me how to do it.

常用于這句型的動詞有：advise, ask, inform, show, teach, tell等。

7) S VT N/Pron That-clause

He told me that the film was great.

常用于這句型的動詞有：assure, inform, promise, remind, teach, tell, warm等。

S VT N/Pron Wh-Clause

He asked me what he should do.

常用于這句型的動詞有：Advise, ask, inform, show, teach, tell.

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