現在完成時的基本構成：

have/has + done(過去分詞)

現在完成時的主要作用：

1. 表示過去發生的一個動作或者已經完成的動作對象在造成的影響。

I have finished my task.

我已經完成了我的工作。

動作finish發生在過去，對現在造成的結果是，工作已經完成。

I have started the machine.

我已經啟動了機器。

動作start發生在過去，對現在造成的影響是，機器已經啟動了。

2.表示已經發生的動作，一直持續到現在，并且有可能繼續持續下去。

I have stayed in the city for twenty years.

我在這個城市已經待了20年了。

I have worked abroad for two months.

我已經在國外工作兩個月了。

現在完成時的第三人稱：

當主語是第三人稱單數或者不可數名詞時，have使用has, 及has done.

She has bought a book from the library.

她已經從圖書館借了一本書。

The cat has die.

這個貓已經死了。

現在完成時的被動語態：

have been done,或者has been done

The room has been cleaned.

房間已經被打掃了。

Those trees have been watered.

那些樹已經澆水了。

現在完成時的否定形式：

have/has not done, have/has not been done

They have not arrived at Beijing.

他們還沒到達北京呢。

His sister has not come back.

他的妹妹還沒有回來.

The task has not been assigned.

工作還沒有被分配呢。

現在完成時的一般疑問句：

have/has + 主語+ 謂語(過去分詞) +其他?

Has your brother passed the exam ?

你哥哥已經通過考試了嗎?

Have they made the gift for their parents?

他們已經為他們的父母做禮物了嗎?

現在完成時的特殊疑問句：

特殊疑問詞　+ have/has + 主語+ 謂語(過去分詞) +其他?

What have you done?　你已經做了什么事情?

Which books have you read?　你已經讀了那本書?

一、結構

have+done

I have already had lunch.

I haven'thad dinner yet.

Have you had dinner yet?

Yes, I have.

No,Ihaven't.

二、五大用法

1、已經完成的動作，強調對現在有影響。

I have already cleaned the toilet.

I have just watered the flowers.

2、還沒有做或從來沒做過的事情

I haven't takena shower yet.

I havenever been toEgypt.

3、做一件事做過幾次

Ihave seen 'Titanic'twice.

He has been to thetoilet five times.

4、見過、聽過的最………的

He is the fattest man I have ever seen.

This is the most beautiful music I have ever heard.

5、從過去一直持續到現在的動作或狀態

He has lived in Beijing for 30 years.

He has lived in Beijing since 1981.

三、超級考點

have been to 去過哪兒

have gone to去……了

have been in 在哪兒待了多長時間

四、不規則動詞過去式及過去分詞變化表

cost→cost →cost

cut→cut →cut

hit→hit →hit

let→let →let

put→put →put

read→read →read

hurt→hurt →hurt

burn→burnt→burnt

build→built→built

bring→brought→brought

buy→bought→bought

catch→caught→caught

feel→felt →felt

fight→fought→fought

find→found→found

get→got →got

hang→hanged/hung→hanged/ hung

hear→heard→heard

have→had →had

hold→held →held

keep→kept →kept

leave→left →left

learn→learned/learnt→learned/learnt

lend→lent →lent

lose→lost →lost

lay→laid →laid

make→made→made

meet→met →met

mean→meant→meant

pay→paid →paid

sell→sold →sold

show→showed→showed

smell→smelt→smelt

say→said →said

send→sent →sent

spend→spent→spent

sleep→slept→slept

stand→stood→stood

sweep→swept→swept

tell→told →told

think→thought→thought

teach→taught→taught

understand→understood→understood

win→won →won

blow→blew →blown

beat→beat→beaten

drive→drove→driven

draw→drew →drawn

eat→ate →eaten

fall→fell→fallen

give→gave→given

grow→grew →grown

know→knew →known

ride→rode→ridden

see→saw→seen

sit→sat →sat

take→took →taken

throw→threw→thrown

write→wrote →written

wake→woke →waken

break→broke→broken

choose→chose→chosen

forget→forgot→forgotten

freeze→froze→frozen

speak→spoke→spoken

steal→stole→stolen

be(am, is)→was→been

be(are)→were →been

begin→began→begun

drink→drank→drunk

do→did →done

fly→flew →flown

go→went →gone

lie→lay →lain

ring→rang →rung

sing→sang →sung

swim→swam →swum

wear→wore →worn

become→became→become

come→came →come

run→ran→run

例題展示

1.---have you been an actor?

--- Forthree years.

A.When

B.How

C.How long

D.Why

2.They havegone to Tibet.

A.yet

B.just now

C.already

D.still

3.You don’t need to describeher. Iher several times.

A.had met

B.have met

C.met

D.meet

4.Mr. Li isn’t here. Heto England.

A.has been

B.have been

C.has gone

D.have gone

5.Mrs. Wang has lived inHaikou1992.

A.since

B.from

C.for

D.in

1.小胖已經在北京住了10年了。

2.我剛剛丟了我的歷史書。

3.我以前從來沒去過那個農場。

4.你已經看過這部電影了嗎?

5.他是我見過的最仔細的男孩。

答案：CCBCA

XiaoPanghas lived in Beijing for10years.

Ihave just lost myhistorybook.

I haveneverbeen to the farm.

Have you seen the film?

He is the most careful boyI haveeverseen.

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