Classical Chinese gardens are purposely designed so that no matter where you stand, you can never see the whole thing at once. The mystery and the discovery have helped the classical gardens of China, especially those in Suzhou, remain popular attractions after all these years.

　　  Put simply, the aim of a classical Chinese garden is to deepen one’s admiration of nature. Besides just relaxing in nature, the classical Chinese gardens have another purpose—to inspire artistic expression like poetry, literature or painting. Nearly all Chinese gardens feature the things in the list below.

　　   Water

　　  Water is a necessary thing that no Chinese garden can go without. The water in a garden typically symbolizes a lake or even the ocean. Water can even symbolize communication, movement and dreams.

　　   Rocks

　　  Large rocks typically symbolize mountains. Many of the rocks in the Suzhou gardens come from Lake Tai, having been shaped by the flow of water over thousands of years. Smaller rocks are often on show in the fancy halls at a garden’s entrance. This shows the appreciation the garden owners had of these rocks.

　　    Plants

　　  You can’t have a garden without plants. Different plants and flowers are used for either symbolic or aesthetic (美學的) purpose—or both. Bamboo, for example, represents strength. Flowers, meanwhile, add color to a garden, with each carrying a symbolic meaning of its own.

　　   Gates & Windows

　　  Gates of different shapes divide different parts of a garden. The most common type of gate, the moon gate, is simply a circle. Windows are placed throughout the garden to allow the passage of light. You can also catch a glimpse of interesting trees or rocks on the other side from the window.

　　   Pavilions (亭)

　　  In Chinese gardens, pavilions are usually placed in some of the best viewing places. Sometimes a pavilion is placed where one can see the reflection (倒影) of the moon at night, or in the best place to listen to the sound of rain on the leaves above. In the past, pavilions were also used as places for garden owners to reflect, paint and write poems.

　　27. What does the underlined word “those” in paragraph 1 refer to?

　　A. Plants.

　　B. Paintings.

　　C. Classical gardens.

　　D. Mystery and discovery.

　　28. What’s the purpose of this text?

　　A. To list some plants and flowers.

　　B. To introduce classical Chinese gardens.

　　C. To explain the history of classical gardens.

　　D. To compare different classical gardens in China.

　　29. Which of the following best explains “glimpse” underlined in paragraph 6?

　　A. Look.       B. Visit.

　　C. Guess.     D. Feeling.

　　30. Which of the following is the best title for the text?

　　A. Nature Speaks for Itself

　　B. Chinese Gardens and Western Gardens

　　C. Getting Lost in Classical Chinese Gardens

　　D. Finding Ways to Modern Arts and Buildings

　　參考答案：

　　27. C    28. B    29. A    30. C

 

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